The world at 1425, when I stopped, starting as Matilda of Tuscany in the Project Balance mod
https://i.imgur.com/WMKVq.jpg
Gosh where to start? I supposed the start date choice, which was The Alexiad start, 1081. I like this start for a number of reasons. One, England doesn't fall apart like they usually do from their invasion start, and two, the Byzantines are at a very manageable size and have to earn their big blob. Speaking of the Byzantines, let's start there!
Byzantium - After nearly three centuries of turmoil the Emperors of Constantinople have finally turned their fortunes around and reclaimed the majority of Anatolia, with the exception of the crusader state of Nikea, which is controlled by the King of Scotland. They might have united much sooner and posed a problem had it not been for one of my cousins. Married to the Doux of Thrace, somehow, one of my dynasty managed to put together a rather impressive array of inter-realm alliances in Byzantium. For two hundred years, no Emperor sat on the throne in Constantinople without his blessing. If they tried, he and his descendants would spark a bloody civil war to put someone else on the throne. It was only after the powerhouse Duchy of Thrace was broken up and divided around 1290 that the Emperors could consolidate their power and begin to push against the Rumites
Crusader States - From the founding of the first Crusader Kingdom in 1160, European knights have fighting in many distant lands and founding kingdoms in their wake. The lone bastion of Christianity in Spain, the Kingdom of Portugal (that kinda brownish, orange color in spain) stands against the might of the Almoravids, who until very recently were a huge threat to southern France. However, a powerful crusade backed by the Kings of Italy, Scotland and France, secured the power base of the Almoravids in Northern Africa and completely broke their advance. The Holy Roman Empire holds the holy city of Jerusalem, but the growing power of Syria threatens their borders daily. Not even the numerous holdings of the Knights Templar in the Levant can hold back the tide forever.
Syria - (the darker grey/brown in the near east) When the great Ilkhanate invaded the lands of the Seljuk Turks, few could predict how absolute the Turks' defeat would be. Completely broken and scattered, most of the Turkish successor states were either swallowed up by the march of the Hordes, or fell to constant infighting, unable to increase their power. The exception was Syria, who in the aftermath of the fall of the Seljuk Empire, forged a powerful state to withstand the ferocity of the Horde. Surviving two invasions by the Ilkanate, Syria now directs its focus to the Crusaders who have occupied Jerusalem for nearly 250 years. Syria's strength is unrivaled in the east with only the Byzantines having a more powerful army at their command.
The Hordes (or lack there of) - After their dramatic rise to power in 1230 it seemed that the Horde was destined to rule the world. Destroying the Great Seljuk Empire, casting down the great State of Cumania, there was no stopping them. Until time caught up with them, that is. Stretched thin over so much land, the hordes eventually fell. First to infighting amongst each other as the Golden Horde attacked the Ilkhanate in the late 1270s, and then finally, themselves. The Golden Horde fractured and was overtaken by the powers they conquered. The Ilkhanate on the other hand consolidated its last remaining territories and has managed to hold onto a bit more land than their treacherous brothers. Though largely disconnected, the strongholds of the Ilkhanate are some of the most heavily fortified locations of the known world.
England - The fall from grace if there ever was. A powerhouse of the North for over two centuries, England envied no kingdom. Her mighty armies clashed with France annually in the 70 years war, fought for control of the Duchy of Normandy. For ages, I thought the English were going to be a big breakout power, as not only were they keeping things together at home, they were winning territory from France almost every other war. Early in the 1200s however, a plot by a forgotten kinsman of the ruling King turned the realm upside down. A war to usurp the throne soon spiraled into 50 years of bitter factional fighting, loyalist, rebel, they became simple meaningless labels thrown around as an excuse to kill. When the war ended, England was in tatters. There was nothing left of the great Kingdom of England that William the Conqueror had forged. The line was extinguished somewhere in the war, and with no authority of succession, the title passed to a lowly bishop where it remains to this day. The Prince-Bishopric of England was a micro-state covering the grounds of single temple for over forty years, and only recently has begun to piece itself back together.
HRE/Italy - I can't really talk about one without the other, because Italy (controlled by me) and the HRE's history go back centuries to the first founding of the kingdom in 1163. Andrea II, the great grandson of Matilda of Tuscany, was a bit of a schemer. For twenty years he had bribed, threatened and forged illegal documents to ensure that nearly all of northern Italy belonged to him, and if not directly under his command, than they certainly owed him their allegiance. Such behavior wins you very few allies, and it wasn't long before one of his enemies pleaded to the Pope for help, who responded by promptly excommunicating Andrea. This would have been really annoying had it not been for a crusade that was called just a few years later. The Pope, who recognized Andrea's considerable military power could be of use, offered a compromise. Go on crusade and have all your sins absolved!
Who can argue with that? Not only did Andrea lead the crusading armies of Christendom himself as he stormed Tyre, but he personally captured the fabled city of Jerusalem itself. The Pope, so impressed that such a man could redeem himself, that upon the victory of the crusade crowned Andrea King of Jerusalem and Italy. It was a great day for the di canossa dynasty. But it would not last. The Kaiser of the Holy Roman Empire began to feel threatened by the sudden rise of one of his vassals to the rank of King. Not only that, but rumors were spreading that Andrea was planning rebellion (it doesnt help that I was in the Independence faction ~D) . Perhaps a rebellion to take the seat of Emperor for himself! Andrea was a hero, a legend, a tale mothers tell children about to inspire them to good deeds. Everyone loved him, and where he lead, many would follow. So it wasn't a shock that a few years later, the Kaiser demanded Andrea relinquish his control of Jerusalem and hand the title of King over to the man who "rightfully deserved it", the Emperor of the Holy Roman Empire...
It very nearly caused a war. But in the end, Andrea adjudicated and agreed to the demands of the Emperor. This event would spark a blood feud between the di canossa and the Salian dynasties that would last for over seventy years where it was finally settled in the Italian war for independence. There, not only would the Kings of Italy break free of the Holy Roman Empire and begin to build their hegemony over Italy, they would also claim the Kingdom of Jerusalem in a separate war and win back the holy city for the last surviving child of Andrea II, if only briefly. And just to add insult to injury, the war saw the last Salian Kaiser of the HRE to hold power, as when he died shortly after a new house took control. The the last child of Andrea II still living at this time was named Eve, as she had been born the year of the city's capture, would rule in Jerusalem for 15 years afterward. Her children would eventually lose control of the kingdom to political infighting, which opened the door for the HRE's to return to the Holy Land.
Italy would grow considerably after their breakaway from the HRE, and for the next two centuries would enjoy a rapid growth in both territory and military power. Numerous small wars were fought on the boot itself to increase the power of the growing kingdom and unite the Italian culture provinces, which until now, had been separately governed. Many incredible characters came and went in that time, but the last truly great ruler of Italy was Dorota I the Bold.
In 1290, as Byzantium power was rising in the east, the new masters of Italy were falling upon hard times. A brutal civil war had torn the northern half of the peninsula apart. The powerful dukes of Genoa and Venice were demanding more and more autonomous power, and as their demands went unheeded they decided they would force the issue. Newly crowned King, Candido I, was killed at the battle of Tuscany as he tried to rally his loyalists in defense of the dynastic homelands, leaving no heir. The Kingdom passed to his half-sister... who happened to be married to the new Kaiser of the Holy Roman Empire. Dorota soon found that she had inherited a Kingdom fast falling apart. Powerful dukes were overshadowing the central authority of the crown, and the list of vassals who were allied to her was growing shorter by the day. When her husband, the Emperor of the Holy Roman Empire, denied Italy military aid, the aid Dorota desperately needed to save her Kingdom, she petitioned the Pope for a divorce. The marriage had lost its convenience, not only in being a useless alliance, but it had been agreed that children born of the union would be of the father's dynasty. Without a divorce, it would mean the end for di canossa control of Italy!
The new Queen of Italy quickly took a new husband (with a much better arrangement for her children), rallied the remaining retinues and loyalists in Modena, and solidified her power with a terribly bloody victory over the Duke of Venice. A victory hard won by a massive army of mercenaries, made possible only by the huge warchests Italy had filled in her long years of slow careful expansion. One by one the disloyal fell to Dorota's mercenary backed army until finally the faction was broken. Every traitor was dealt with, and as they soon found out, as Bold as their new queen was, she was also a cruel hearted woman. It was not uncommon to find her in the dungeons, personally torturing those her men had captured on the battlefield.
As the last powerful di canossa Queen, Dorota would spend her 56 years on the throne ruling with an iron fist (dying at the age of 87, she proves the old adage of the good die young, but :daisy: live forever). She brutally suppressed dissent and increased the authority of the crown. Though harsh, her methods returned the true power of the realm back to the throne, and from that centralized base, Dorota was able to support the numerous crusader actions of the late 1300s. She sent troops to back the defense of Portugal in the Jihad of 1342, as well as sending her only son and then heir to the battlefields of North Africa in the crusade against the Almoravids. She even oversaw the defense against the African invasion of Italy, which smashed the landings in the southern boot soundly! Italy's Queen may have been a tyrant to her own land, but in the eyes of the Pope she could do no wrong.
Her passing was a turning point in the history of Italy. None of her vassals loved her, but each learned to respect Dorota the Bold, for she was a true defender of Christendom and a powerful ruler. Those who came after her would lack the same conviction she had shown was necessary to hold the powerful dukes of the realm under their thumb. Little by little, the privileges and rights of the crown were eroded. More and more, the rulers of Italy were forced to contend with wars from within, instead of expanding their influence without. Until at last, the last di canossa king, Candido III, died in 1420. The demesne, which had grown to include modena, Tuscany and Lombardy over the long march of time, had shrunk to just Tuscany by his reign. Blocked by powerful vassals at every political move he made, Candido was unable to move the borders of the Kingdom, nor the borders of his authority beyond that which he inherited. He died childless at age 35, an ignoble end to the line of Italian Kings and Queens.