So... I was told to state my theory on Abrahamic religions here.

Repling on a phone at 6 in the morning Pre :coffeenews: so excuse the puny post in comparison.

The microscope experiment is easily duplicated by changing the lens configuration to be a telescope. Draw on the piece of paper then put it hang it up. Walk away until you can no longer observe the drawing with the naked eye. Now take out the telescope and see if you observe the same drawing.

Same as using a printing press or taking a photograph and comparing the orginal with a copy side by side (machine calibration works on this too with scanners). I'm sure you've snapped a picture and checked that it captured tabs you were pointing it out. Now later when looking at that facsimile you will notice details your naked human eye didn't notice. Years to come you may come to rely on your photos to describe events to your friends and to aid your own memory. So what does that say about us? Trust our senses, our brains or our instruments?

Now with a photo you instinctively know it has boundary conditions. It's typically 2D has the incorrect date attached to older ones and doesn't capture the ambiance of the situation. 3D and video give more information but you don't normally get temperature, humidity and how it smelt. Now smell is one of the most under rated senses. Have a blocked nose and most foods will be reduced to sweet, sour, tart etc a very limits taste range. Smell is also a wonderful way to invoke old memories and strong reactions.

Instruments screw up all the time. That is why both an error is assigned to measurements and multiple measurements are made. Trust yes but wih limits.

As for models. Some do make predictions about the world before we encounter the phenomena. One of the more famous ones would be the curvature of light due to gravity predicted by Einstein's Theory of Special Relativity.

Other models are know for their ability to be increased in complexity to deal with different environmental factors. Schrodingers equations and it's paradigms. For instance by taking into account magnetism you can predict why sodium light has the doublet... The bright yellow sodium lights when seen as a spectrum have a pair of very close (doublet) emission lines which if you use the equation and don't factor in magnetics you won predicted. Add in magnetism and the model predicts the doublet.

Big Bang, mix in how fast the early universe was cooling from sub atomic particles and how fast neutrons and protons decay and you can figure out the ratio of neutrons to protons in the cooler universe.

Yes they are all models. Don't trust in them absolutely, get used to a healthy level of skeptism and the need to tear apart cherished theories and start again.