I believe that China holds around 10% of US debt. Whereas this is a sizeable amount, other countries hold more as a group.
The difference between an individual demand and a national one is, of course, scale. If the United States defaulted on a debt as described, the resulting financial cataclysm would engulf China (and us all) to the extent that such an early call on bonds would be unthinkable to them.
I think I am right in saying that China is keen to buy US bonds because she needs her currency linked closely to the dollar, rather than too free floating. As we see from this recession,
everyone needs the United States to be strong economically, and right soon. That may not last forever, but most countries interested in continued eating would be keen on any decline happening very gradually, as it was before the bankers decided to go mad.
BTW, if you lot think you have it bad, consider Biffo's Paradise: it's predicted that Ireland is likely to see the economy contract by 10% this year and close to 18% unemployment.

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