The gameplay is RPS. Therefore, in general, balanced armies in which all components (spear, sword, ranged and cavalry) of the RPS are represented equally work well. Field the highest quality unit within a particular type that you can afford, i.e. if you can afford YS then don't bother with YA, if you can afford WM then don't bother with ND, etc. YS are also more effective than YA when used to deplete enemy ranged units of ammo, such as when attacking a bridge, because the YS have more armor. NI would be the best for this purpose, but they are very expensive.
Initially, you won't have cavalry, but add that as soon as you can train cavalry. Then make an adjustment to the army composition depending on the terrain of the province in which the fighting will take place. For example, if there are a lot of trees then reduce the amount of cavalry and increase the amount of swords or if you will be defending high ground then increase the number of ranged units. Be cautious about using heirs in battle since you can loose the game if several heirs get killed. Personally, I've eliminated the kensai, battlefield ninja and the xbow unit types from my campaign game, and the tactical gameplay is still fine with the tactical AI acquitting itself quite well in battles.
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