Money, money, and yet more money! Ca$h is king, and trade spots are key.
As a naval power with plenty of trade ports at start, Britain can build and send Indiamen to three of the four trade zones right away. The Portuguese start in one spot off Brazil, but the others are available. They start in two spots off West Africa, but the others are open. East Africa is open, but Portugal, Spain, and Maratha race to get there. The Dutch and Maratha usually end up with the spots in the East Indies.
Still, being prompt can net Britain the majority of trade spots, and a healthy economy, for the rest of the century. Also, war with Portugal, Spain, and the Dutch can increase your share.
Although the exact mechanics of trade aren't documented well, it's important to remember that the trade has to flow to and from the faction's home region. Expanding the number and size of trade ports there increases the faction's overall trade capacity (and, therefore, income level).
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