1)Indeed perhaps the pushing power created some short of disadvantage for the frontliners who were caught up ,between the enemy shiled wall and his own hoplite comrades ... i suppose those guys up front must have really been hardpressed that way... their own manouveribility drasticaly hintered
however i don't think many things could have been done to avoid the push...the reason being that IF the enemy phalanx decided to push on and you did not... your own frontliners would collapse and get stabed anyway...
2)the phallanx was what??? 16-32 men deep??? that's around 40 meters in depth -MAXIMUM!!! surely any archer/slinger troops in the back could shoot waaaaay longer than that ... so i don't suppose many friendlies died this way...
3)watchman and maion made some useful points abt this hypothesis...
4)the key word here is panick... if hoplites panicked, losing their cohesion AND were also enveloped they would certainly stomp eachother to death...hoplites all around the phallanx pressing towards the center would create overwhelming pressure resulting in asphyxiation , people would be stepped over and so on... that is the most catastrophic worst case scenario however...
Bookmarks