The AI does have a tendency to attack the flanks. It is best to compensate a little accordingly to allow for it. How you do it depends on your preferred formation & the units you tend to purchase.
I tend to place Yari Cavalry on the flank once I can get them ( and in due course Heavy Cavalry ). Meanwhile I choose a formation that places missile units to the front and all across the frontage, with some support in the centre ( usually towards the rear). I place No-Dachi ( Warrior Monks in due course ), to the flanks and centrally in a third row. The second row is usually made up of Yari units as is any spare space in the third row. The outermost units in the third row are usually Yari units or the cavalry. This generally deals with most attacks by the AI.
Do you use the "Japanese " formations ( via the Taisho icon towards bottom left ) OR the "European " formations ( top right icon )? The AI tends to use the "European" ones ( as it is set to do so ).
I use the "Japanese" ones and "tinker" with them a little ( and "rarely" lots ). I find they give better options than the "European" ones , but each to his own taste.
When attacked in the flank by most of the enemy, you need to manoeuvre your unengaged units to attack the AI's Flank / Rear. The AI will often only use missile units to cover it's flank during these moves. Cavalry are good for dealing with these, but avoid enemy Yari units.
Teppo ( Arquebusiers / Muskets ), should be placed to the very front and centrally if you have one, center left and centre right if you have two. I tend to only get one or two per army as it rains too much in Japan when I have them ! If not already in a 2/3 deep line, adjust them to that.
Generally I click on each missile unit and deselect the "Fire at Will" order. Of course this means you have to choose each units targets through-out the game until you reset it/them again; this however is better than wasting arrows at long range and makes the Teppo fire more devastating when it starts. However, do not take too many casualties before giving your missile units targets and ALWAYS set your Archers to "open order" to minimise casualties. If you use the P ( Pause ) button regularly you can review all aspects of the battle including ordering movement, firing & charges, without missing the action!
Hope this helps.
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