Nusantara Total War : Portugese Invasion

[Rahwana]

my malaysian friends are actually said that I should search the word from indonesia-malaysia common words.... but I admit that was because of overseeing or somewhat....
Cute Wolf should allready sent you a message.

[G. Septimus]

Am I still in this?
or, just a Public Relations OP

[Nyz]

I have found 2 more units that have been used in Melaka from Hikayat Hang Tuah:

a) Pengawal (Townwatch): Working directly under Temenggung (equivalent to Malaysian nowadays Inspector-General of Police), raised when cases of stealing emerged. Equipped with kayu (woods), lembing (spear) and perisai (shield) maybe low quality

b) Pertikaman: Working directly under Laksamana (Malacca Envoy). Equipped with tombak (pike), and get "musara" (gaji / salaries).

I am not really sure that these 2 units are appropriate to which-one that were listed before....

[Cute Wolf]

wea llready got both of that unit in our lastest lists... but under the name of Malayan-Sriwijayan pikemen (both employed melayu pikemen), and city militia... (but the later is equipped with bows).... I think hikayat melayu told that city guards (pengawal kota), were equipped with bows and swords, and placed on the lookout of the city (language?)

[Nyz]

I think the attribute of Pengawal is equivalent to Melayu Militia. But nowadays the connotation of Pengawal is associated with someone with regularly paid salaries... I think better to change it to Orang Berkawal (Watchmen).

"Maka baginda pun bertitah kepada Temenggung, "Hai Temenggung, suruh orang berkawal dan segala saudagar berkawal pada kampungnya."

"Setelah hari malam maka Kertala Sari pun masuklah ke dalam kota. Maka didengarnya bunyi orang berkawal dan bunyi perisai lembing gemerentak."

The Pengawal Kota is OK. It is logic that the City Guards equipped with bow and guarded the lookout (menara peninjau / pondok kawalan).


Actually I am trying to find the equivalent unit name in history... to the modern ears, the words sometimes weird..... like Pertikaman.... from the word tikam (stab)...... modern Malay is not using this word anymore...but that was written in Hikayat Hang Tuah..

Find the equivalent unit name in history is much harder than make direct translation... If I cannot find the word in literature, direct translation maybe the solution...


hmmm can you tell me what is the different from sword, longsword or short sword? Is the short sword same as keris? or parang? I know "pedang" but in Hikayat Hang Tuah, the user of "pedang" is called Pendekar while the Melaka Court Royal Guard (Bentara) used keris panjang

The usage of "pedang" is rarely in Malay culture.... parang, golok and keris are more used.

[Cute Wolf]

that was parang, (mungkin kita lebih baik bicara dicampur campur sedikit, karena parang, pedang, dan keris panjang semuanya bisa dibilang sebagai "sword".... bahasa inggris kurang kosakata )

hmm... but what about the acehnese sword "pedeung"? it was definitely a one bladed cutlass (sometimes the back blade was sharpened in half too) with 60-75 cm blade... and that was descended from ancient malayan weapon.

And the unit name "Pendekar" was allready used in their javanese spelling as the unit "Pandekar", armed with two handed swords, signature of the advanturer warrior class that time.

[Nyz]

I have 2 questions:

a) Why you all use Malaka instead of Melaka?
b) Could you make clarification to me what is short sword, sword and long sword?


Pedang

Usage of Pedang is rarely in Malay culture. Malay warriors were master of close combat. So usually they created the weapon suitable for close combat, ie have relatively short hilt and blade, ranged from the longest (keris panjang > parang / golok > keris biasa > belati > kerambit > lawi ayam (smaller than dagger, sometimes cannot be seen by other when held in the fist)

In Sejarah Melayu, pedang was used as the protocol symbol / symbol of grandeur / symbol of sovereignty in the Court. “Pedang Kerajaan” was hold by Seri Amerta (protocol officer) in Melaka Court, as well as the scepter (ornamental rod carried by monarchs as symbol of sovereignty: cogan alam).

Peudeung

For Peudeung, I am not sure if it was descended from ancient Malay weapon. In Sejarah Melayu, there were written that Wan Empuk dan Wan Malini encountered with 3 foreign princes, wearing beautiful clothes, and holding Curik (an ancient weapon), Kayu Bercap (maybe staff?), Pedang (sword) and lembing (spear).

They asked, “Who are you?” and the princes answered “we are the descendant of Iskandar Zulkarnain [from Makaduniah] (Alexander the Great from Macedonia)…… Malay legend also wants to associate the Malay King with Alexander

This happen at Bukit Seguntang long long before Parameswara founded Melaka…Maybe this is the explanation of the ancient weapon…

For Acheh, they maybe used peudeung extensively, because the peudeung symbol appeared on their flag, and they named their flag Alam Peudeung.

Pendekar

For Pendekar, Hikayat Hang Tuah associated pendekar with the usage of Pedang. So for the Malay unit that used pedang, like Half-Arab swordmen, I suggest that unit can be translated as Pendekar Syamsir (scimitar in Kamus Dewan and Hikayat Hang Tuah is syamsir) or to make it more Persian / Arabic sound, we can used “Pahlawan Syamsir” because the word Pahlawan derived from Persia.

For Malay unit that not used pedang, the word pendekar maybe is not going to be used, and for that purpose, I want to get clarification that which unit use pedang, which unit use parang....