I don't really believe this, the Colonies had strong institutions, you can see this especially in the former Idian and Asian economies, the difference was that in African the institutions were majority-run by colonists, largely because there was no educated local class to work with. Even so - men like Mandela were able to become Lawyers in South Africa and I don't believe there was a ever a "keep the darkies stupid" policy, at least not in British colonies. Rather, the focus was on Westernisation and Christianisation.
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