Yes. It depends all on interpretation of infrastructure/constructions/buildings/government. And in the last instance gameplay decision ( what the mod designer does, just not realism determination or dependence by all means ;) ).
Of course only the rice fields produce rice (food), provide the basic amount within the realms, the higher the tier, the more efficient the production, plus the chi art boni.
(needs btw. also more manpower and overall more management, thus the added decreased army replenishment).
Markets though could be interpreted that they import and export rice (food) and goods, and even import food and export other goods in exchange for food.
Thus makes a food surplus possible. Simple thing of interpretation, and even realistic.
Other models could provide conter arguments, of course, just, other models, i've chosen this current model.
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