Must agree with most of TakeshidaSo's points but that's probably coz he's a mini gamer like me
There are many rule sets out there that incorporate huge amounts of historical research in order to simulate a good semblance of believable outcomes. This doesn't mean players have to get bogged down with historical accuracy - it just means there is a convincing 'internal logic' to events.
Morale always forms a major factor of any decent rule set. To take examples from one well known set; unit morale can be enhanced by the nearby presence of a respected general or a special standard or seeing an enemy unit run for it closeby.
Morale can progressively downgrade when unbroken enemy units are seen close behind a flank; when particularly unnerving enemy units are close-by (eg bombers or high quality vs low quality); when unit is 'out on its own'; or a close friendly unit is routed; or if a unit in melee receives more casualties than it inflicts in a round of h2h.
Morale will take a big hit when 4% casualties are suffered in a single volley when under enemy fire for the first time; when twice as many are killed in h2h than are inflicted; or when infantry are charged by cav and they are not in all-round defence formation. Or when ambushed from cover; or a nearby general is disabled or routed. Or if attacked whilst fatigued; or an army standard is captured.
Units taking 50% casualties and standing are rare - usually far less but it all depends on circumstances. I can perhaps see a case for a 'defending the homeland' bonus to samurai against the Mongols ('we'll fight them on the beaches...'). The 'domino effect' of units routing was also very real. The death of a commander in full view of his troops always had a devastating effect.
Sorry, KumaRatta, didn't quite understand what you meant by; 'Why bother with Mongols attacking the Japanese at all? It never happened.'; Hmmm. What about the history books that say the Yuan Mongols of Kublai Khan attacked Japan in 1274 and 1281? And, yes, Mongol tribes did actually fight against eachother...
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