so what "bartix" and what faction replaces armenia go then?!!

**Abokasee** · 05-01-2005, 12:12

tell what bartix and the faction that replaces armenia got then??

**jerby** · 05-01-2005, 15:50

bartix?

**The Wizard** · 05-01-2005, 16:09

What, where, who, when and how?

~Wiz

**eadingas** · 05-01-2005, 16:24

Yes.

**Ranika** · 05-01-2005, 16:36

What the hell? The innate non-sensical glee of this makes me afraid. But my constant desire to be helpful means I have to answer a question. Because this makes no sense, I'll instead answer the question "What is the history of the zipper?"

The zipper had numerous 'inventors', the first of which was Elias Howe, who invented the sewing machine, and received a patent in 1851 for an 'Automatic, Continuous Clothing Closure.' Perhaps it was the success of his sewing machine which caused Elias not to pursue marketing his clothing closure.

In 1895, Mr. Whitcomb Judson (who also invented the 'Pneumatic Street Railway') marketed a 'Clasp Locker' a device similar to the 1851 Howe patent. Being first to market gave Whitcomb the credit of being the 'Inventor of the Zipper', However, his 1893 patent did not use the word zipper. The Chicago inventor's 'Clasp Locker' was a complicated hook-and-eye shoe fastener. Together with businessman Colonel Lewis Walker, Whitcomb launched the Universal Fastener Company to manufacture the new device. The clasp locker had its public debut at the 1893 Chicago World's Fair and met with little commercial success.

Swedish-born (who later immigrated to Canada), Gideon Sundback, an electrical engineer, was hired to work for the Universal Fastener Company. Good design skills and a marriage to the plant-manager's daughter Elvira Aronson led Sundback to the position of head designer at Universal. He was responsible for improving the far from perfect 'Judson C-curity Fastener.' Unfortunately, Sundback's wife died in 1911. The grieving husband busied himself at the design table and by December of 1913, he had designed the modern zipper. Gideon Sundback increased the number of fastening elements from four per inch to ten or eleven, had two facing-rows of teeth that pulled into a single piece by the slider, and increased the opening for the teeth guided by the slider. The patent for the 'Separable Fastener' was issued in 1917. Sundback also created the manufacturing machine for the new zipper. The 'S-L' or scrapless machine took a special Y-shaped wire and cut scoops from it, then punched the scoop dimple and nib, and clamped each scoop on a cloth tape to produce a continuous zipper chain. Within the first year of operation, Sundback's zipper-making machinery was producing a few hundred feet of fastener per day.

The popular 'zipper' name came from the B. F. Goodrich Company, when they decided to use Gideon's fastener on a new type of galoshes and renamed the device the zipper, the name that lasted. Boots and tobacco pouches with a zippered closure were the two chief uses of the zipper during its early years. It took twenty more years to convince the fashion industry to seriously promote the novel closure on garments.

In the 1930’s, a sales campaign began for children's clothing featuring zippers. The campaign praised zippers for promoting self-reliance in young children by making it possible for them to dress in self-help clothing. The zipper beat the button in the 1937 in the "Battle of the Fly," when French fashion designers raved over zippers in men's trousers. Esquire magazine declared the zipper the "Newest Tailoring Idea for Men" and among the zippered fly's many virtues was that it would exclude "The Possibility of Unintentional and Embarrassing Disarray."

The next big boost for the zipper came when zippers could open on both ends, as on jackets. Despite the limited successes, the amount of products with the zipper being produced weren't exactly vast. The United States Navy, however, placed an order for several thousand of the items, to be tailored onto certain uniforms, for interior pockets, trousers, and as the main closure for overcoats. This greatly enhanced the popularity of the zipper via footage of the events of World War 2, and the zipper subsequently became the main fixture on most articles of men's clothing.

**eadingas** · 05-01-2005, 17:00

You forgot the part where japanese called Tadao Yoshida established a company called Yoshida Kogyo Kabushikikaisha, and started mass producing zippers all over the world, hence the letters "YKK" on vast majority of quality zipperware.