Right you are, EA. A quick trip through Wikipedia informed me I had my terms confused. Closed shops have been illegal in the US since 1947, under the terms of the Taft-Hartley act, but as we have what's called Union shops, (it's not a condition for employment, but you can be required to join the Union after a certain period of working, or at least pay dues) I don't see that we really have true union reform. Some states have 'right-to-work' laws, which render Union shops illegal, but I think fewer states have that then don't.