Oh wow, I totally forgot two other things that are very different between RTW and MTW:

1) In RTW, you are charged for units and buildings you place in your production queue, even though they're not being built yet. In MTW, you only have to pay (and pay the full price up front) for a unit or building once production actually begins. Queueing things is free in MTW.

2) In RTW, the quantity of troops you can build from a city depends on the population of that city. In MTW, there are no cities really, so no population statistic, so the only cap on the number of units you can build from a province is the amount of money you have. While less realistic, it required much less micromanaging of cities.

That raises a grander point of difference between the two games. In general, there is FAR less micromanaging in MTW. Loyalty is much easier to control and maintain in MTW. There are fewer Vices and Virtues and no ancillaries to deal with (MTW is not an RPG). There are no pidly bands of rebel skirmishers aimlessly wandering around your province destroying your infrastructure. Your family is easier to manage. The governorship of your provinces is a snap. In many, many ways I think RTW added complexity where it wasn't needed, and took away flexibility where it was so handy. RTW feels more like Civilizations or SimCity; less about fighting, more about governing. Personally, I think it should have been called Rome: Total Management.