Not sure about science, but I've been reading a book called 'History of Medicine' and it explains that the Qu'ran/Koran helped the Greek and Roman medical advances (Galen's work, as well as others, being studied, admired and copied). While the European world at the time, slowly being converted to Christianity, deemed medicine as heretical as God made you sick and you were in no position to change that, in the Middle East, Islamic communities did not believe that disease was caused by sin, and therefore it was not against Allah's will to heal a sick person. I understand that apart from translating and maybe interpreting the writings of Galen, they also translated mathematical, scientific and philosophical writings from Greece and Rome.
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