An arquebus would be of around 15mm and bullet weight of 20 grams. Muskets could be monsters of 20+mm and 50+ gram bullets but they did vary in caliber and generally fell below 20mm by the start of the 17th century IIRC. Muzzle velocites would have been 350 m/s and I have seen some tests showing 500+ IIRC. The recoil described even when using heavy weapons suggests pretty high velocities for muskets. The handguns of early/mid 15th century would have had 200+ m/s.


CBR