in the year 1848, a lot of the sovereigns of western and central europe lost their thrones to revolution. it was apparantly a spontaneous and uncontrolled event that cascaded throughout most of europe. as far as i know, there was no one mastermind behind it all, nor some kind of political party or faction causing it. pretty much all the revolutions moved to the political left of the previous administration and some even tried to abolish their sovereigns and form republics. the shock and surprise of it caught everybody off guard until the monarchs were able to reorganize and take their thrones and capitals back. most of the revolutions, lasted from days, to at most months. so i was wondering, how did this happen, that there were simultaneous revolutionary movements throughout most of europe at the same time?