NATO - Warsaw Pact conflict

[Tran]

CHAPTER 2

11 October 1964 – 18 October 1964



Berlin Re-united!

After more than 15 years under control of imperialist NATO government, Western sectors of Berlin city was finally liberated by the courageous NVA and Soviet Red Army. Following several hours of intense battle between Warsaw Pact alliance and NATO occupiers, few of the remaining NATO soldiers finally chose to give up knowing that their attempt to resist was futile. Indeed, as a Soviet military spokesperson said the Warsaw Pact alliance deeply regret American, British, and French refusal to capitulate when they were given chance for three hours. Instead, they fired indiscriminately at Warsaw Pact troops sent to liberate them. Nevertheless, casualties among civilians were low and only several buildings, mostly military installations, were heavily damaged during the fighting, owing to the professionalism of Warsaw Pact military…

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Six hours of siege and heavy fighting took place, before West Berlin finally fell into Warsaw Pact. Elsewhere in East Germany, Soviet and other Warsaw Pact forces have crossed the border into West Germany.

After swift advance through Fulda Gap, Soviet 8th Guards Army engaged American 3rd Armored Division. American military bases and depots soon came under artillery attack and heavy bombardment from the Soviet Air Force. The American managed to bring reinforcements from the nearby US military garrisons just when the Soviet arrived, but these too are being occasionally harassed. Tank on tank engagements occurred, however despite some technical advantages, American tanks were soon overwhelmed by anti-tank units. After a full day of intense fighting, Soviet numerical superiority became more clear. American forces were encircled but due to the assistance of NATO air force, many units managed to retreat to Frankfurt and Mainz. By this time, French, West German and other NATO reinforcements have arrived and immediately fortified strategic points and perimeter around the city of Frankfurt and Mainz. For the next few days, both cities came under siege by the Soviets. At Frankfurt, it was not long until Soviet forces breached the fortification and captured the city, despite heavy losses on both side. Following the fall of Frankfurt, Soviet units were soon ordered to reinforce the troops besieging Mainz while some were dispersed to secure strategic points along the Rhine river, however the Soviets attempt were checked by the presence of French and American troops recently arrived from continental USA. Two NATO air bases near Mainz were virtually devastated from previous Warsaw Pact air strikes and artillery fire. The air base at Sembach and Hahn also shared similar fate, albeit at less severe condition. Much of the aircraft were lost, and some are currently tasked to support the defense at Mainz.

Further north, British forces around Hanover were immediately mobilized to set up defensive perimeter around the city. Hours later, the first Soviet division from 3rd Shock Army was encountered and heavy fighting ensued. At first, British forces, with the aid of West German garrison and NATO air support, had clear advantage and managed to inflict heavy losses on the incoming Soviet forces. However, as the time progresses, Soviets started to gain the upper hand. RAF began to lose many of its bombers to numerous Soviet SAM and anti-air units. Some RAF fighters had also to be diverted from support of ground defense to engage Warsaw Pact aircrafts. After three days of intense battle on ground and on air, Soviet numerical superiority, coupled with additional reinforcements arrived from Poland, finally convinced NATO forces to retreat and join the defense at Bielefeld and Münster, which have now been reinforced by more British forces from Britain. At the time of NATO retreat, one of the British divisions previously defending Hanover was almost annihilated, while the rest lost more than half of their units. Casualties for the Soviets are not low either, with many Soviet divisions lost nearly half of their units. In spite of that, Hanover was finally captured by Warsaw Pact forces, and immediately, the retreating NATO forces were chased into both Bielefeld and Münster. Home of the British I Corps, Bielefeld, is now under siege by the Warsaw Pact forces. Nearby air bases were secured by the advancing forces, although only little still remained from the previous bombardments. Münster soon came under attack by Warsaw Pact forces advancing from the north, but more British reinforcements arrived just when the first Soviet unit reached the outskirt of the city and immediately started counter-offensive from the west and south.

At northern part of Germany, Soviet and Polish forces move rapidly into Hamburg then capture the city and all strategic crossings at nearby Elbe river within one day, owing much to their numerical superiority and air support. Within the next two days, Warsaw Pact forces managed to secure the port of Bremerhaven and Wilhelmshaven, four NATO air bases, and despite stiff resistance from NATO defenders, all NATO garrisons were mostly knocked out, although few managed to retreat west into Netherland.

Meanwhile, Polish 4th Army, with the assistance of East Germans, managed to secure West German port of Kiel and advanced into Denmark. Most of the cities and military bases at Jutland Peninsula were captured within four days. At the same time, East German and Polish paratroopers, with the assistance of combined Warsaw Pact naval and air forces successfully captured Sjaelland Island, Fyn, and several other Danish islands. The city of Copenhagen itself was captured within one day after the initial assault. After the capitulation of previous Danish government, a new government was set up by the name of “People’s Republic of Denmark” followed by declaration that Denmark was no longer a member of NATO. Warsaw Pact ships frequently encountered Swedish vessels, and several times entered Swedish territorial waters, but no serious clash occurred.

Along Norwegian-Soviet border, north of the Artic Circle, minor skirmishes between border guards quickly erupted into battle involving artillery and tanks. Although neither Norwegian nor Soviet forces attempted to cross the border, Norwegian guard towers and the town of Kirkenes came under Soviet artillery fire. The battle grew more intense few days later, with the presence of British troops on the area. Somewhere else in Norway, around 5,000 British and 10,000 American troops arrived within the first few days of the week, followed by some 5,000 more British troops by the end of the week. Off the coast of Norway, American fleet consisting of destroyers and submarines with the support from British and Norwegian navy engaged Soviet Northern Fleet from the Barents Sea. Despite numerous attempts by the Soviet navy to interdict and destroy American transports, the combined NATO fleet soon proved to be more superior. Soviet surface and submarine fleet suffered appalling casualties, with up to 20 ships either sunk or heavily damaged, while NATO fleet lost no more than 11 surface ships and submarines.

At southern Germany, Czechoslovak armed forces began the offensive into West Germany immediately after the war started. The city of Nuremberg was captured with little resistance and the local defenders soon capitulate. At Regensburg, the West German garrison was defeated and forced to retreat into Munich. The Czechoslovak Air Force managed to knock out NATO military installations and air base at Neuburg with most of the planes still on ground, during the early hours of the conflict. The attempt to bombard other air bases nearby was not succeed, however, since the military personnel there have been alerted about the situation and directly engaged Czechoslovak fighters and bombers. Soon afterwards, the aircrafts flew back to assist ground offensive. Meanwhile, the retreating NATO ground troops were pursued by Czechoslovak Army from Regensburg, now backed by the recently arrived armored division, and constantly harassed by the air force. At the same time, Soviet forces have arrived at Nuremberg and helped reinforce the city, which was also at the very same time, was targeted for counter-offensive by American forces with the reinforcements straight from continental US. But due to the presence of Soviet troops and superior numbers of combined Warsaw Pact ground and air force, the American counter-offensive failed and the remaining units was forced to retreat back to Ansbach. At Munich, after intense and heavy fighting for nearly two days, Czechoslovak forces finally defeated West German forces and the reinforcements from Garmisch. In addition, two NATO air bases west of the city were also captured. Following the fell of Munich, Warsaw Pact forces at Nuremberg and Munich quickly moved toward Stuttgart. By the end of the week, the town of Ulm and Ansbach have been secured, and all the retreating NATO forces are now in Stuttgart.

France, Belgium, and Netherland began massive mobilization of the armed forces, particularly the army reserve, and the border with West Germany saw increasing numbers of military presence. At Italy, the military have also begun its mobilization and there were also increasing number of troops near the border with Austria. There was a rumour that Italy is waiting for Austrian approval to let its forces cross the border.

In the Balkans, the situation was much less intense than in Central Europe. However, Greece, Turkey, and Bulgaria were soon to mobilized their military. Greece increased its force presence along its entire northern border, near Albanian and Yugoslav border, but the majority was presented near Bulgarian border. Similiar to Greece, Turkey also increased its military force near the border with Bulgaria. Bulgaria also saw extensive military build-up along its southern border. There was also military contingents arrived from Italy near Thessaloniki, consisting both ground and air force. Hours following massive military increase near the border, Bulgarian southern cities, notably Plovdiv and Dimitrovgrad, came under attack from joint Greek and Turkish air strikes. Transportation networks, including roads and railways, and several other strategic infrastructures were hit during the initial attack at Dimitrovgrad, however because of strong anti-aircraft defense around Plovdiv and presence of Romanian aircrafts defending the area, the attackers suffered losses with up to ten aircrafts from both Greek and Turkey shot down. The city of Plovdiv itself was relatively secured. There were also further attempt of air strike with the assistance of American bombers, but the increasing presence of anti-aircraft defenses brought from other regions of Bulgaria, coupled with more Romanian and Bulgarian aircrafts defending the area, NATO attackers suffered another losses and were soon withdrawn. In Yugoslavia, there was a rumour of a joint military cooperation and union with Albania, however the Yugoslav and Albanian government had neither confirm nor deny the rumour. In Adriatic, the Italian and Greek navy have increased their presence and regularly and jointly patrolled the southern part of Adriatic Sea. While the French Navy have sent dozens of warships, possible as part of a larger fleet, to Aegean Sea.

On the Black Sea, situation was relatively calmed for the first two days. All Turkish surface naval ships have apparently been withdrawn from the area, and virtually there was no threat to the Warsaw Pact fleet. Later however, as the Soviet and Bulgarian fleet attempted to blockade the entrance into Black Sea, and with the arrival of American, British Mediterranean Fleet and Turkish fleet from outside of Black Sea, the situation became worse and naval battle quickly erupted. The city of Istanbul and nearby coastal settlements southwest of Black Sea also came under fire from Soviet warships. Despite air support from Turkish Air Force, NATO aircraft carriers and coastal batteries, Soviet and Bulgarian were succeed in their naval blockade. The narrow Bosporus strait unable NATO superior fleet to gain any advantage, up to two dozens NATO warships and submarines were sunk or heavily damaged as they attempted to end the blockade, while several others were lightly damaged. As a result, NATO fleet was forced to turn back onto the Aegean Sea to avoid further losses inflicted by Warsaw Pact naval forces. Many Turkish coastal batteries were damaged and four aircrafts were reportedly lost. On the Warsaw Pact side, only six surface ships and submarines were sunk or damaged, and until the end of the week, the blockade continued.

Along Soviet-Turkish border, battle broke out between Soviet and Turkish border guards. The Turkish military launched a major offensive against the port city of Batumi, with combined ground and aerial assault, followed by landing of paratroopers. The speed and size of the offensive against the city caught the Soviet units in the city and nearby surrounding area completely by surprise. Thus, the city fell one day after the initial assault. Further southeast, Turkey also attempted another offensive, on smaller scale, to encircle the city of Yerevan. But unlike in Batumi, the Soviets successfully repelled Turkish forces back across the border. Soviet SAM and anti-air defense units also prevented numerous Turkish attempts to inflict damage on the infrastructure, the assistance of American bombers later were proven to be not enough. By that time, the Soviet have mobilized most of its military at Caucasus and have reinforced the position along the border.

Decisions
…will affect the events from 18 October 1964 to 25 October 1964…

NATO States

1. The map of Germany: http://www.3ad.com/history/cold.war/....details.2.htm

United States of America

1. Mainz: The city was besieged for the last few days, and with the fell of Frankfurt, the Soviets have sent more troops to besiege the city. Very soon, the Soviet will most probably attack the city. However, their attempts to secure strategic points along the Rhine river nearby were checked by the presence of American and French forces.
   a. Hold the city at all cost. But if the Soviet managed to secure strategic points on the Rhine river nearby and cross, NATO garrisons will be in danger of being encircled.
   b. Order NATO forces at Mainz to fight Soviet forces nearby attempting to cross the Rhine river. Although the city might be captured, with NATO reinforcements from other side of the river, you can prevent Soviet forces from crossing the river and deny them any strategic foothold.
   c. Attack Soviet forces besieging the city and attempt to recapture Frankfurt.
   d. Abandon the city and focus on preventing the Soviet from crossing the Rhine river and deny them any strategic foothold to launch further offensive into France.
   
   
2. Stuttgart: Previous American counter-offensive attempt at Nuremberg has failed, and the US forces, along with West German garrisons from Munich and nearby, was forced to retreat into Stuttgart. American, Canadian, French, and West German garrisons nearby have been sent to reinforce the city defense. Warsaw Pact offensive from the east is very clear.
   a. Defend the city and wait for more NATO reinforcements. They might be able to reach and reinforce the city sooner than Warsaw Pact force movement.
   b. Attempt to launch counter-offensive and recapture the town of Ulm (coordinate by PM). It might probably delay Warsaw Pact offensive and give NATO significant time to send more reinforcements.
   c. Abandon the city and order all NATO garrisons to fortify French border instead (coordinate by PM)
   d. Like c, but deploy them somewhere else, specify where
   
   
3. Norway (map of Norway: http://www.lib.utexas.edu/maps/europe/norway.gif). Denmark has fallen into Warsaw Pact force and capitulated. The invasion of Norway from the south, and perhaps from the North (Norwegian-Soviet border), seems imminent. What’s your strategy?
   a. Fortify and defend Norwegian southern coastal cities, including Oslo. Invasion from the North is unlikely, but possible. However there are British forces already presence on the area.
   b. Fortify and defend Norwegian northern coastal cities, especially the town of Kirkenes and border with Soviet.
   c. Fortify and defend Norwegian inner (non-coastal) cities.
   d. Something else, specify what?
   
   
4. Norwegian Sea. The combined NATO fleet successfully repelled Soviet Northern Fleet attempt to destroy American transports which carried military reinforcements. What are their next objectives should be?
   a. Pursue and destroy the retreating Soviet surface ships and submarines to Barents Sea.
   b. Don’t pursue, however continue the patrol to search and destroy Warsaw Pact naval ships spotted on the Barents Sea and Norwegian Sea.
   
   
5. Black Sea. Previous attempts by combined NATO fleet to break Soviet and Bulgarian naval blockade have failed, and the fleet suffered heavy losses. Should the fleet attempt to break the blockade again?
   a. Yes, and this time bring more coastal and aerial support to assist NATO fleet (coordinate by PM) against the combined Soviet-Bulgarian navy.
   b. No, there is no way to break the blockade from the narrow Bosporus Strait. NATO fleet will suffer more heavy losses. Redeploy the fleet to Aegean Sea.
   c. As b, but redeploy them somewhere else, specify where
   
   
6. American forces at France. What should be their primary objectives?
   a. Assist French and NATO ground forces on the French border.
   b. Send the forces into Benelux countries (Belgium, Netherland, and Luxembourg) and assist them on the border.
   c. Send them somewhere else, specify where
   
   
7. Reinforcements from Continental USA. Around 50,000 soldiers, dozens of warships (now including four aircraft carriers), submarines, and aircrafts (mostly bombers) have already set off for Europe. Where they should be deployed?
   a. Directly into the central point of confrontation: Germany. With the naval forces reinforce NATO position to block Soviet access from the Baltic Sea and engage possible attack from the Barents Sea.
   b. Around 30,000 soldiers should be deployed immediately into Germany, while the rest deployed into Norway. With the naval forces reinforce NATO position to block Soviet access from the Baltic Sea and engage possible attack from the Barents Sea.
   c. Like a, but specify where most of the soldiers should be deployed.
   d. Like a, but specify where the naval forces should be deployed.
   e. Like b, but specify where the rest of soldiers should be deployed.
   f. Your own plan. Describe it in detail.

France

1. Mainz: The city was besieged for the last few days, and with the fell of Frankfurt, the Soviets have sent more troops to besiege the city. Very soon, the Soviet will most probably attack the city. However, their attempts to secure strategic points along the Rhine river nearby were checked by the presence of American and French forces.
   a. Hold the city at all cost. But if the Soviet managed to secure strategic points on the Rhine river nearby and cross, French garrison will be in danger of being encircled.
   b. Coordinate with other NATO forces (by PM) at Mainz to either fight Soviet forces nearby attempting to cross the Rhine river with the risk of losing the city, or attack Soviet forces besieging the city and attempt to recapture Frankfurt.
   c. Abandon the city and focus on preventing the Soviet from crossing the Rhine river and deny them any strategic foothold to launch further offensive into France.
   
   
2. Stuttgart. American, Canadian, French, and West German garrisons nearby have been sent to reinforce the city defense. Warsaw Pact offensive from the east is very clear.
   a. Defend the city and wait for more NATO reinforcements. They might be able to reach and reinforce the city sooner than Warsaw Pact force movement.
   b. Attempt to launch counter-offensive and recapture the town of Ulm (coordinate by PM). It might probably delay Warsaw Pact offensive and give NATO significant time to send more reinforcements.
   c. Abandon the city and order the French garrison to fortify French border instead.
   d. Like c, but deploy them somewhere else, specify where
   
   
3. French Navy at Aegean Sea, there are already numerous presence NATO fleet here, though some are badly damaged due to previous attempts to enter Black Sea.
   a. Stay at Aegean Sea and defend the area from Soviet incursions.
   b. Redeploy to North Sea.
   c. Redeploy somewhere else, specify where?
   
   
4. French military reserve priority.
   a. Keep the focus on mobilization of Army reserve.
   b. Keep the mobilization of Army reserve, but now also focus on Air Force reserve.
   c. Prioritize the mobilization of Air Force reserve.
   d. Mobilize the entire military reserve, but make sure they are fully “combat-ready” first.

Italy

1. Currently Italy (map of Italy: http://www.lib.utexas.edu/maps/europe/italy_rel86.jpg) have mobilized 250,000 of its army personnel. Around 60,000 troops have been deployed near the border with Austria and Yugoslavia.
   a. Cross the Austrian border immediately once the Austrian government has agreed (ask by PM) to allow Italian ground forces to enter West Germany through Austria. You might be able to relieve the West German garrison and recapture the city of Munich. However, Warsaw Pact might view this as possibility to launch counter-offensive directly into Italy through Austria, with help from Hungarian military and repel Italian forces before they can reach West Germany.
   b. As a, but cross the border regardless of the Austrian government’s decision. This can be used as “propaganda tool” by Warsaw Pact forces however.
   c. Do not cross the border, but send and drop paratroopers near Munich with air support to attack Czechoslovak forces and relieve West German garrison near Munich.
   d. Do not attack or cross the border, instead fortify your defenses against possible Warsaw Pact attack through Austria.
   
   
2. There are about 30,000 Italian military personnel around Thessaloniki and near the border with Yugoslavia and Bulgaria at Greece (map of Greece: http://www.lib.utexas.edu/maps/europ...e_rel_1984.gif), along with 24 fighter-bombers. These forces were sent as part of previous agreement with Greece to reinforce border defense against possible Bulgaria, Albania, and Yugoslavia attack.
   a. Coordinate with Greece and Turkey (by PM) to launch ground offensive against Bulgaria with air support. Previous air strikes by Greece and Turkey against key military targets and infrastructures at Bulgaria were not so successful, and ground offensive might prove to be more useful.
   b. Stay at defensive position and maintain high alert against possible military invasion from the north.
   
   
3. Around 30,000 military personnel have been deployed near the border with France (map of France: http://www.lib.utexas.edu/maps/europe/france.gif) and are ready to help France when needed. Coordinate with French (by PM) whether they need your help, and where to deploy next.
   
   
4. Italian Navy is currently tasked with the defense of Italian and Greek coastal line on the Adriatic Sea against possible Yugoslav or Albanian incursion.
   a. Albania and Yugoslavia will maintain their neutrality and will not attempt to attack either Greece or Italy, deploy them into Aegean Sea to anticipate possible Warsaw Pact fleet attack from the Black Sea.
   b. As a, but deploy them somewhere else, specify where?
   c. Keep patrolling the Adriatic Sea.
   
   
5. Italian Air Force primary objective
   a. Assist NATO ground forces on repelling the Warsaw Pact attack.
   b. Attack the closest Warsaw Pact military installations.
   c. Engage Warsaw Pact air forces, although their are somewhat weaker than NATO.
   d. Mixture of above, or if you have different plan, specify

Turkey

1. Turkish military offensive on Batumi was highly successful and even managed to catch the Soviet units by surprise. What’s your next strategy (map of Georgia and Caucasus: http://www.lib.utexas.edu/maps/commonwealth/georgia.gif)?
   a. Fortify your position at Batumi and send more reinforcements to anticipate counter-offensive by the Soviets.
   b. Continue similar pattern of military offensive on the town Poti further north. Soviet Navy has been concentrated near Bosporus Strait and you should be safe from naval harassment, however at the same time the Soviets might have mobilized their forces and prepare to launch large scale counter-offensive.
   c. Like b, but attack somewhere else or your own plan, specify in detail
   
   
2. Unlike in Batumi, the Turkish attempt to cut off and encircle Yerevan has failed. What should be done next?
   a. Attempt similar offensive like what you did in Batumi, but this time directed against Yerevan.
   b. Attempt another offensive on larger scale by ground and air to isolate and capture Yerevan.
   c. Do not attack, instead fortify your current defenses and hire more reinforcements to increase your forces near the border with Armenia.
   
   
3. Black Sea. Previous attempts by combined NATO fleet, including Turkish, to break Soviet and Bulgarian naval blockade have failed, and the Turkish fleet losses up to nine warships. Should the fleet attempt to break the blockade again?
   a. Yes, and this time bring more coastal and aerial support to assist NATO fleet (coordinate by PM) against the combined Soviet-Bulgarian navy.
   b. No, there is no way to break the blockade from the narrow Bosporus Strait. NATO fleet will suffer more heavy losses. Redeploy the fleet to Aegean Sea.
   c. As b, but redeploy them somewhere else, specify where
   
   
4. Previous air strikes by Greece and Turkey against key military targets and infrastructures at Bulgaria were not so successful. Strategic infrastructures, including transportation networks, were hit during the initial attack at Dimtrovgrad, however because of strong anti-aircraft defense around Plovdiv and presence of Romanian aircrafts defending the area, the attack failed and Turkey losses six of its aircrafts.
   a. Coordinate with Greece and Italy (by PM) to launch ground offensive against Bulgaria with air support. Previous air strikes were not so successful, but ground offensive might prove to be more useful.
   b. Do not attack, stay on defensive position and maintain high alert to anticipate possible Warsaw Pact attack.

United Kingdom

1. Home of the British I Corps, Bielefeld, is now under siege by Warsaw Pact forces. Münster is also under attack by Warsaw Pact forces advancing from the north; however British reinforcements which have recently arrived immediately started counter-offensive from the west and south. What’s your strategy for this situation?
   a. Continue the counter-offensive and drive the Warsaw Pact forces away from Münster. Once secured, immediately reinforce and relieve NATO forces at Bielefeld.
   b. Continue the counter-offensive and drive the Warsaw Pact forces away from Münster. However, before Münster was secured, order all NATO forces at Bielefeld to withdraw temporarily and let the Warsaw Pact capture the city. Once Münster is secured, the combined British reinforcements and retreating NATO forces should immediately strike back and recapture Bielefeld.
   c. Cancel the current counter-offensive and withdraw all NATO forces near Münster and Bielefeld to Rheindahlen.
   d. As c, but withdraw somewhere else, specify where
   
   
2. Norway (map of Norway: http://www.lib.utexas.edu/maps/europe/norway.gif). Currently there are more than 15,000 British troops in Norway, including 5,000 who have been previously deployed to Northern Norway (near Norwegian-Soviet border) to assist Norwegian forces on the border battle with the Soviet troops. Following the fall of Denmark and its capitulation to Warsaw Pact force, the invasion of Norway from the south, and perhaps from the Norwegian-Soviet border, becomes more imminent. What’s the strategy to anticipate possible invasion?
   a. Fortify and defend Norwegian northern coastal cities, and especially reinforce British forces on the town of Kirkenes and near the border with Soviet.
   b. Fortify and defend Norwegian southern coastal cities, including Oslo, but let the current British forces near the border to assist the Norwegians.
   c. Fortify and defend Norwegian inner (non-coastal) cities, but let the current British forces near the border to assist the Norwegians.
   d. Something else, specify what?
   
   
3. Norwegian Sea. The combined NATO fleet successfully repelled Soviet Northern Fleet attempt to harass NATO transports. What should be done next?
   a. Pursue and destroy the retreating Soviet surface ships and submarines to Barents Sea.
   b. Don’t pursue, continue the patrol to search and destroy Warsaw Pact naval ships spotted on the North Sea and Norwegian Sea.
   
   
4. Black Sea. Previous attempts by combined NATO fleet to break Soviet and Bulgarian naval blockade have failed, and the British Mediterranean Fleet losses eleven of its surface warships and submarines. Should the fleet attempt to break the blockade again?
   a. Yes, and this time bring more coastal and aerial support to assist NATO fleet (coordinate by PM) against the combined Soviet-Bulgarian navy.
   b. No, there is no way to break the blockade from the narrow Bosporus Strait. NATO fleet will suffer more heavy losses. Redeploy the fleet to North Sea.
   c. As b, but redeploy them somewhere else, specify where
   
   
5. British military forces currently at British Isles. More than 40,000 soldiers are currently combat-ready and prepared to be deployed. Where they should be deployed?
   a. Directly into the central point of confrontation: Germany.
   b. Around 30,000 soldiers should be deployed immediately into Germany, while the rest deployed into Norway.
   c. Like a, but specify where most of the soldiers should be deployed.
   d. Like b, but specify where the rest of soldiers should be deployed.
   a. Your own plan. Describe it in detail.

Warsaw Pact States

1. The map of Germany: http://www.3ad.com/history/cold.war/....details.2.htm

Union of Soviet Socialist Republics

1. Frankfurt has been captured and Mainz was under siege for the last few days. Soviet forces have also attempted to secure strategic points along the Rhine river nearby, but were checked by the presence of American and French forces.
   a. Launch more artillery and air strikes against NATO forces in Mainz. If after one full day, NATO forces somehow still manage to hold the city, assault with ground forces (infantry, tanks, and other armored fighting vehicles) regardless of the cost.
   b. Bombard and launch more air strikes against NATO forces in Mainz, but wait until they capitulate or retreat. However, if NATO forces somehow still manage to hold the city and bring reinforcements, your siege will collapse and the besieging forces might be forced to retreat.
   c. Some of the besieging forces should be diverted to help other Soviet forces attempting to secure strategic points along the Rhine river. If they succeed, Soviet forces might be able to encircle and isolate NATO forces at Mainz, and the city can be captured with less cost.
   
   
2. Specify where to advance if Mainz is successfully captured and where to retreat if the siege failed?
   
   
3. Bielefeld is now under siege and Münster came under attack by Warsaw Pact forces advancing from the north; however British reinforcements which have recently arrived, immediately started counter-offensive from the west and south. What’s your strategy for this situation?
   a. Warsaw Pact forces heading toward Münster should be soon diverted to Bielefeld to isolate NATO forces at Bielefeld and to be able to quickly capture the city. Then, once the city is captured, direct all Warsaw Pact forces toward Münster.
   b. Warsaw Pact forces heading toward Münster should immediately engage British forces to reverse their counter-offensive. The forces besieging Bielefeld attack and attempt to capture the city regardless of the cost. Then, once the city is captured, direct the Warsaw Pact forces from Bielefeld toward Münster and support the other units engaging British forces.
   c. Warsaw Pact forces heading toward Münster should hold and engage British forces. The forces besieging Bielefeld wait until NATO forces at the city are weakened from artillery and aerial bombardments. Once “safe”, capture the city then continue west to support other units engaging British forces.
   
   
4. Hamburg, along with naval bases at Bremerhaven and Wilhelmshaven were successfully captured by the Soviet 2nd Guards Tank Army, with the assistance of Polish 1st Army, within the first few days.
   a. Continue the advance to Netherland (map of Netherland: http://www.lib.utexas.edu/maps/europ...ands_rel87.jpg) and leave small garrisons behind to secure the previously captured settlements and naval bases.
   b. Fortify and reinforce the positions at naval bases, and wait until enough reinforcements arrive before launching offensive into Netherland.
   c. Like a, but continue to advance somewhere else. Specify where in detail
   d. Like b, but continue to advance somewhere else. Specify where in detail
   
   
5. Norwegian-Soviet border (map of Norway: http://www.lib.utexas.edu/maps/europe/norway.gif). The British have sent reinforcements to support Norwegian forces on the border battling the Soviet troops. What should be done next?
   a. Fortify and defend the border from possible NATO aggression, but do not attack.
   b. Immediately order the air force to bomb British and Norwegian positions then launch ground offensive into Norway to capture the town of Kirkenes and other northern coastal settlements nearby as fast as possible.
   
   
6. Danish royal family and ministers. How will you treat them?
   a. Send them into prison.
   b. Execute them.
   c. Strip them of all their titles and jobs, but do not harm them.
   
   
7. The retreating Soviet Northern Fleet.
   a. Fall back as quickly as possible to Barents Sea to avoid further onslaught by NATO naval fleet.
   b. Fall back, but also try to harass and inflict damage on Norwegian coastal bases while retreating.
   c. Attempt to lure any pursuing NATO ships into a trap, however you must specify where, how and your plan in detail
   d. Your own plan. Describe it in detail.
   
   
8. Baltic Fleet. Now that Denmark is secured. What is their new objective?
   a. Patrol the Baltic Sea and continue to search and destroy any NATO naval ships spotted on the area and near Denmark.
   b. Attack NATO fleet guarding the entrance into Baltic Sea at Skagerrak and North Sea.
   c. Attack Sweden ports and harass their fleet, as part of your offensive plan against Sweden.
   d. Something else, specify what?
   
   
9. Combined Soviet and Bulgarian fleet at the Black Sea have successfully repelled NATO attempts to enter and gain domination at the Black Sea.
   a. Continue the blockade, but also ask for Romanian support (by PM)
   b. Order the Soviet fleet to harass and destroy Turkish coastal military and naval installations along the Black Sea.
   c. Mixture of above, or if you have different plan, specify
   
   
10. NATO has launched air strikes against the southern cities of Bulgaria, and one city was almost paralyzed. However due to the anti-air defense presence and assistance of Romanian Air Force, the air strikes were not succeed, for now. The nearest Soviet military reinforcements available are located at Odessa Military District. Most of the divisions within this district have been mobilized and are currently combat-ready.
    a. Order all combat-ready divisions within the district to quickly move and assist Bulgarian forces on their defense.
    b. As a, but also launch military offensive against Turkey and attempt to secure the Bosporus Strait and Istanbul. You might also want to arrange the plan in detail
    c. As b, but against Greece.
    d. Your own plan. Describe it in detail.
    
    
11. Turkish forces have captured the port city of Batumi at Georgia (map of Georgia and Caucasus: http://www.lib.utexas.edu/maps/commonwealth/georgia.gif) from the Soviets, although their attempt to isolate Yerevan at Armenia failed. Further offensive attempt in the future by Turkish forces however, might cause the Soviets to lose more cities and territories. Meanwhile, the nearest sizeable Soviet military reinforcements are located at North Caucasus Military District, in and around the city of Rostov and Volgograd.
    a. Order all combat-ready divisions within North Caucasus District and all combat-ready military divisions at Georgia to launch counter-offensive against Turkish forces at Batumi and nearby. Hopefully, you will be able to recapture the city before Turkish position becomes stronger and other cities near the border (such as Yerevan) fall.
    b. Your own plan. Describe it in detail.

Czechoslovakia

1. The city of Munich and Nuremberg have been successfully captured by the Czechoslovak forces. And later, due to the arrival of Soviet troops at Nuremburg, the combined Czechoslovak and Soviet forces managed to repel large American counter-offensive on Nuremburg. Currently, Czechoslovak forces are waiting at Ulm and Ansbach, with Soviet reinforcements, for further offensive against the combined NATO forces at Stuttgart.
   a. Attack all NATO garrisons encountered at Stuttgart and nearby. Once the city is captured, head straight into the city of Strasbourg and Freiburg. Czechoslovak forces will consist of four Mechanized Divisions, one Armored Division, air support, and reinforcements from the Soviet. Leave small military garrisons behind to secure the previously captured cities and air bases.
   b. Attack all NATO garrisons encountered at Stuttgart and nearby. Once the city is captured, head straight into the city of Strasbourg. Some of the Czechoslovak forces are to be diverted back to Munich to anticipate possible Italian offensive on Munich.
   c. As a, but only with the combined Czechoslovak and Soviet forces from Ansbach. The Czechoslovak forces at Ulm (and near Munich) stay to anticipate possible Italian offensive on Munich.
   d. Your own plan. Specify in detail
   
   
2. New reinforcements recently arrived from Czechoslovakia. Within last week, many military personnel and reserves have been mobilized and are currently combat-ready. There are up to six divisions consisting equally of three Armored Divisions and three Motorized Divisions. And within the next few days, more reinforcements will arrive at West Germany.
   a. Deploy the “first wave” of reinforcements (six divisions) to secure southern cities (including Munich), towns, air bases, and other strategic points near the border with Austria to anticipate possible massive Italian offensive through Austria. The later “second wave” reinforcements head into Stuttgart and French border.
   b. Send the “first wave” of reinforcements (six divisions) directly to Stuttgart and to capture all cities and military bases near the French border. The later “second wave” reinforcements secure southern cities (including Munich), towns, air bases, and other strategic points near the border with Austria to anticipate possible Italian offensive through Austria.
   c. Mixture of above, or if you have different plan, specify
   
   
3. Should the Air Force make reconnaissance flight over Austrian airspace to observe the situation and anticipate possible Italian offensive through Austria?
   a. Yes, and bombard the Italian forces if they attempt to invade Munich through Austria. However this might be seen as “act of war” by the Austrian government.
   b. Yes, but do not attack the Italian forces on ground. Attack only Italian aircrafts.
   c. No, it will be seen as “airspace violation” by Austrian government, and probably drag the Austria into the war.

Romania

1. Romanian Army. Currently Romania has mobilized many of its military personnel and reserve forces, with up to 200,000 personnel are now combat-ready and prepared for deployment. More divisions and reserves will be ready after mobilization next week. Where are you going to commit them?
   a. Remain in Romania, and only deploy them when the threat of military offensive from the south are looming.
   b. Assist Bulgarian army (map of Bulgaria: http://www.lib.utexas.edu/maps/europ...aria_rel94.jpg) on repelling NATO attack or offensive against Greek and Turkey (coordinate by PM)
   c. Regardless of Bulgaria’s stance, launch an offensive against either Greek or Turkey (or both).
   d. Somewhere else, specify where
   
   
2. Romanian Navy, its primary task should be
   a. Keep defending Romanian military installation along the coastline at Black Sea.
   b. Assist Bulgarian and Soviet naval forces blockading the entrance to Black Sea near Bosporus Strait.
   c. Attack and harass Turkish coastal military installations.
   
   
3. Due to assistance of Romanian Air Force, Bulgarian forces managed to repel most of NATO air strikes on the previous week.
   a. Keep assisting Bulgarian forces.
   b. Assist Warsaw Pact ground forces defense or offensive operation near the border.
   c. Assist Warsaw Pact naval forces at Black Sea on attacking NATO fleet.
   d. Engage NATO air forces, they have stronger capability than yours, however.
   e. Mixture of above, or if you have different plan, specify

Non-Aligned States

Sweden

1. Following the capitulation of Denmark, more than 30,000 people have entered Swedish territory seeking for refuge. Although refugees are officially not allowed, Swedish armed forces did little to prevent them from entering the country, and there are several public outcry demanding the government to change its “no refugee policy”
   a. Yes, change the policy to officially refugee. However, many people from neighboring countries might immediately move to Sweden and in the future, it can cause domestic problem.
   b. No, the policy will still be “no refugee allowed”. However, secretly order the armed forces not to stop them. This might be viewed as “hypocrisy” by the other countries.
   a. No, and order the armed forces to extradite and return any “illegal refugees” entering Sweden. However, this might cause public condemnation and serious domestic unrest.

Yugoslavia

1. Greece and Italy have been amassing troops along the Yugoslav south and northwest border. What’s your reaction?
   a. Condemn the action of both countries and mobilize the armed forces to anticipate possible offensive.
   b. No official statement, but mobilize the armed forces to anticipate possible offensive.
   c. Ignore them; they’re not going to attack Yugoslavia.