Who won WWII?

[Seamus Fermanagh]

This gets argued in the monastery with some regularity.

Absent the USA, but with the UK and Lend Lease via the UK -- CCCP win.

Absent the USA, but with the UK, but with limited or no lend lease -- CCCP win, but after 1-3 years more bloodshed.

Absent the USA and with Britain taking terms in 1940 -- likely Nazi win.

The CCCP was, without a doubt, the biggest part of the victory in Europe. Very few scenarios depict a German victory -- and absent atomics NO such scenarios exist after 1943 -- because Stalin's will to win was greater then the Nazis. Had victory required the deaths of 5 in 8 Soviets instead of the 1 in 8 lost, Stalin would have paid the cost -- and stayed ahead of the counter coups trying to supplant him. The Nazis were evil, but not quite that tenacious.

With no western allies, one-on-one, German tactical doctrine and combat leadership might, but only might, have beaten the USSR in the first couple of years.