
Originally Posted by
Vladimir
The Spanish structured their entire American empire on a "one drop rule." Even people of Spanish decent born in the western hemisphere were considered lower class than "peninsular" Spaniards.
And if we were discussing your status in Spain, that would be entirely relevant. However, the thread is about the President's ethnic status on the U.S. census, which inspired your smug aside about how being 1/16th Spanish means you should call yourself Hispanic. Also, the article I linked to disagrees with your glib summation of the entire history of South America:
The one-drop rule is nearly unique to the United States and relates both to the Southern oppressive culture and other discrimination after general emancipation of slaves, as well as the Black Power Movement of the 20th century. People in most other countries tend to treat race less rigidly, both in their self-identification and how they regard others. Just as a person with physically recognizable sub-Saharan ancestry can claim to be black in the United States, someone with recognizable Caucasian ancestry may be considered white in Brazil.
In the caste system of colonial Spanish America, a racial and class hierarchy developed in the society. Many soldiers and explorers took indigenous women as wives, but in time, upper class men were able to bring Spanish women to the colonies. Combined with the Iberian purity of blood rules, the hierarchy classified those with pure Spanish blood and wealth at the top. For the rest, the status of a mixed-race person would be determined by the proportion of "white blood"; an elaborate system classified the combinations of black, Amerindian and white by different names. A proportion of Spanish (white) ancestry was enough to position a person above (or later, African.) Racial caste not only depended on ancestry or skin color, but also could be raised or lowered by the person's economical fortune. After the abolition of slavery and Latin American independence, the caste divisions blurred into wider groups.
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