For banks to benefit, first off the Greeks had to borrow money. They were not coerced into doing this - they just tend to spend a lot more than they bring in through taxation.
Then they needed to lie on audit accounts for a long time so they can still borrow cheap money to spend at low interest rates.
Up until now, most of the money was private lending since most government debt is held privately by individuals / banks etc.
Then the government admits they were lying for years, the books are as good as fakes. The cost of lending goes up since people are worried that they'll not get their money back and people sell at a discount to get the hell out of the Greek economy.
The state needs people to take their debt so the local banks need to buy more and more of it. Eventually this is too much so then Europe needs to start buying close to worthless debt since the Greeks pull their own money out of banks and the bank credit to debt ratio goes off.
So, finally as in the UK the banks receive new money which wipes out all the existing shareholders - who in essence loose all their money. Those bad people like private investors and pension funds.
The only winners are the staff at the bank since in all but name the bank is a new bank with all the previous shareholders owning a tiny share - when the banks have been refloated it wasn't the previous shareholders who were given back the shares to compensate for the lost value..

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