Alltough Hollywood does overrate archers in their movies (Crude orc-made arrows fired from short bows penetrating mithril plate at ease, and that's just the first one I remembered!), the main reason archers were not predominant part of every army was the incredibly long time it takes to actually train a competent archer, especially comparing that to the time it takes to train a competent spearman. Since most soldiers in ancient armies weren't ecxactly professionals who had years of time to train using bows in warfare, they had to make them into "heavy" infantry. Also in many cultures (especially western europe) bow was seen as a cowardly weapon not suitable for a true warrior, so most people would just take a spear or a sword and go toe-to-toe with foes worthy of True Men. When those armies actually consisted mostly of archers, they would most of the time be highly succesful against melee-oriented foes, like the Persians, Mongols and English have shown us.
Besides, it's more economical to use the Irish! Arrows cost money. The dead cost nothing.![]()
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