Viking and Subotan are talking past each other based on different preconceptions of what the word
gender can or does mean. Etymologically, the word comes from Latin
genus, meaning simply a type or kind of thing (much like the taxonomic term
genus, a borrowing of the same root). It came to be linked to word classes in classical grammar studies, and since those word classes were (somewhat arbitrarily) given names to match the sexes, the term
gender came to have connections to sex differences as well.
It came into English by way of French, and has been used in its grammatical sense since around 1390 or so, and its sexual sense since around 1474. A more recent development is its use to refer not to the physical distinguishing features of the sexes, but to the cultural ideas surrounding them. This use is evident since around 1945 at least. My personal impression is that this has become the dominant use of the term in modern English, though the others are certainly not gone (I tried to check which uses were most dominant using the COCA corpus, but so many of the instances were ambiguous between the physical and cultural senses that I wasn't getting any objective answers).
- Viking entered the discussion (reply #12), using the term presumably in its physical sense, and finding fault with feminism for drawing focus to differences between the genders, when difference is the core problem to begin with and the objective is equality.
- Subotan replied (reply #21) with disagreement, finding fault with the claim as it would entail that feminism is the source of the gender binary (or something to that effect; I'm not sure I entirely follow either of their arguments in these posts). Presumably, Subotan is using the cultural sense of gender.
- Viking then clarifies (reply #56) that while the physical gender (i.e. sex) is inevitable, the social construct gender is not. Here he contrasts these two senses of gender to clarify his original use and meaning.
- Subotan asserts (reply #65) that this is a distinction between sex and gender, rather than between two types of gender.
- Viking (reply #77) defends his original word choice.
- Subotan (reply #78) clarifies the distinction, in case it had escaped Viking, asserting that sex is biological, and gender is (only?) mental.
- Viking takes issue with Subotan's distinction (reply #95), claiming that the English language does not fully support Subotan's position and offering a definition from the online version of Merriam-Webster, including both senses (along with the grammatical one). If I interpret Viking's intent correctly, he is acknowledging that gender can indeed have the meaning Subotan is using, but also has the physical meaning which Viking had first used, and which Subotan was taking exception to.
- Subotan responds (reply #117) by citing the portion of the definition with the cultural sense, and expressing confusion that Viking would use such evidence, when it clearly shows that the definition is cultural.
- Viking responds (reply #120) by citing the portion of the definition with the physical sense, and expressing even greater confusion that Subotan does not see the problem with asserting only a single relevant meaning for gender.
My conclusion?
Within the context of feminism and sexual equality, my impression is that
gender is often reserved for the cultural aspects of sexual difference, with
sex used as the term to distinguish physical aspects. Subotan is right that the usual vocabulary for the dichotomy is
sex vs.
gender. However, Viking is correct that his usage of
gender is correct English, and he certainly has the right to use the term with its physical (=
sex) sense. Because his second post clarified the distinction in question, even if he still desired to use variations of
gender for both meanings, I don't think it was necessary for the discussion to continue beyond that point.
In a nutshell, you're both right:
gender can have both these meanings, though
sex vs.
gender is often employed as a convenient terminology distinction. It is unclear to me whether the two of you actually disagree on matters of feminist theory beyond naming conventions. Perhaps you could agree to disagree on just what terms should (must?) be used, and move on, keeping in mind the way the other is defining
gender.
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