@Hax: good points, I was just throwing things out as an idea; you are better placed to know than me.
I don't think it is true that fundamentalist Islam emerged only in 1900 AD. Fundamentalism has ebbed and flowed continually throughout Islam's history. Muhammad himself was a puritanical warrior-prophet, and well... the earliest Muslims were obviously fundamentalists since they followed the fundamental principles Muhammad set down. When the Abbasids overthrew the Umayyads a large part of their justification was on returning to some sort of golden age of Islamic morality. The Murabitun of the medieval period were notoriously fundamentalist and banned music, imposed strict Islamic dress and segregation and trashed much of the vibrant culture that existed in Ghana and Andalusia prior to their excursions. Certain Fatimid rulers were also strongly opposed to idolatry (most notably this guy) and trashed Christian and Jewish places of worship in Jerusalem and forced Jews to wear decorative calves to remind them of Aaron's idolatry.
If you are talking about modern fundamentalism, then yes that emerged with the Wahhabi movement, but that is only a small part of the fundamentalist story in Islamic history.
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