Transportation is an obvious example on this. The cheaper my train is and the more costly my car is, the more likely it is that I will take the train to work instead of driving.
Of course there are exceptions to this as well, economic incentitives don't always work as intended(morals also play a part, for example). And of course, I sold my car in 2010. I didn't do it on economic grounds, I did it for moral reasons... Been a happy pedestrian ever since!
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