Well Germanics did usually fought in a more dense formation. About swordsmen, it says that they fought in the shieldwall. And swordsmen would perfectly be able to do so, just look at the Viking and Saxon shieldwalls etc.
And about small shields, well as you've seen from all Germanic units, there wasn't exactly a standard shield design, the EB team wanted some variety, at least thats what I think.
Then we could say that about all units who did fought in close formation.Even if they fought in dense formation, that doesn't mean that they always fought in that way. And if they carry javelines, they would not throw them while in close formation. (fighting in close combat with spear in loose formation possible, throwing a javeline in close formation...dangerous).
And trowing a javelin, well it wouldn't be exactly impossible you wouldn't be able to trow it far or effective. Though they probably trew it when not in shieldwall and afterwards forming one.
Also, the Romans also sometimes used dense formation and also wore Javelins, it isn't exactly impossible.![]()
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